{"id":34549,"date":"2022-10-21T14:18:39","date_gmt":"2022-10-21T11:18:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/?p=34549"},"modified":"2025-05-12T17:21:33","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T14:21:33","slug":"puntos-de-referencia-oseos-del-brazo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/blog\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm\/","title":{"rendered":"Miembro superior: puntos de referencia \u00f3seos"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"34549\" class=\"elementor elementor-34549\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32dd42b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32dd42b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60adb0e1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60adb0e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f210523 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3f210523\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bony landmarks of the arm<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-753031b6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"753031b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cb39867 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6cb39867\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61332c29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"61332c29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The upper limb consists of 30 bones if you don&#8217;t include the two bones of the shoulder \u2013 the scapula and the clavicle. Regardless of how you count, the arm features many bones and many <span style=\"color: #af9079;\">bony landmarks of the arm<\/span> are visible in the human body&#8217;s surface forms.<\/p><p>In this article, we&#8217;ll describe and illustrate the <span style=\"color: #af9079;\">bony landmarks of the arm <\/span>as well as explain the morphology and physiology of the main bones of the upper limb. We&#8217;ll look at the bony landmarks of the upper arm, the elbow, the forearm, and the wrist.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-384ca19f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"384ca19f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-362f4918 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"362f4918\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-528a53d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"528a53d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Share this post: <\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a374d7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a374d7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59c1a0a7 elementor-share-buttons--view-icon elementor-share-buttons--skin-minimal elementor-share-buttons--shape-circle elementor-share-buttons--color-custom elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-share-buttons\" data-id=\"59c1a0a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"share-buttons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_facebook\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-facebook\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M504 256C504 119 393 8 256 8S8 119 8 256c0 123.78 90.69 226.38 209.25 245V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.28c-30.8 0-40.41 19.12-40.41 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V501C413.31 482.38 504 379.78 504 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_twitter\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-twitter\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_reddit\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on reddit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-reddit\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M201.5 305.5c-13.8 0-24.9-11.1-24.9-24.6 0-13.8 11.1-24.9 24.9-24.9 13.6 0 24.6 11.1 24.6 24.9 0 13.6-11.1 24.6-24.6 24.6zM504 256c0 137-111 248-248 248S8 393 8 256 119 8 256 8s248 111 248 248zm-132.3-41.2c-9.4 0-17.7 3.9-23.8 10-22.4-15.5-52.6-25.5-86.1-26.6l17.4-78.3 55.4 12.5c0 13.6 11.1 24.6 24.6 24.6 13.8 0 24.9-11.3 24.9-24.9s-11.1-24.9-24.9-24.9c-9.7 0-18 5.8-22.1 13.8l-61.2-13.6c-3-.8-6.1 1.4-6.9 4.4l-19.1 86.4c-33.2 1.4-63.1 11.3-85.5 26.8-6.1-6.4-14.7-10.2-24.1-10.2-34.9 0-46.3 46.9-14.4 62.8-1.1 5-1.7 10.2-1.7 15.5 0 52.6 59.2 95.2 132 95.2 73.1 0 132.3-42.6 132.3-95.2 0-5.3-.6-10.8-1.9-15.8 31.3-16 19.8-62.5-14.9-62.5zM302.8 331c-18.2 18.2-76.1 17.9-93.6 0-2.2-2.2-6.1-2.2-8.3 0-2.5 2.5-2.5 6.4 0 8.6 22.8 22.8 87.3 22.8 110.2 0 2.5-2.2 2.5-6.1 0-8.6-2.2-2.2-6.1-2.2-8.3 0zm7.7-75c-13.6 0-24.6 11.1-24.6 24.9 0 13.6 11.1 24.6 24.6 24.6 13.8 0 24.9-11.1 24.9-24.6 0-13.8-11-24.9-24.9-24.9z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_linkedin\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on linkedin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-linkedin\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_email\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Share on email\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-envelope\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 9.2-18.9v-19c0-26.5-21.5-48-48-48H48C21.5 64 0 85.5 0 112v19c0 7.4 3.4 14.3 9.2 18.9 30.6 23.9 40.7 32.4 173.4 128.7 16.8 12.2 50.2 41.8 73.4 41.4z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-230c3697 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"230c3697\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34c72ede\" data-id=\"34c72ede\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f716d68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4f716d68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1178\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-34736\" alt=\"bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-scaled.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x173.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-scaled-600x345.jpg 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x589.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x442.jpg 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x884.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13b04f39 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"13b04f39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3851d1b7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3851d1b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ed1154c elementor-toc--content-ellipsis elementor-toc--minimized-on-desktop elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1ed1154c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;collapse_subitems&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1ed1154c\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1ed1154c\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1ed1154c\" class=\"elementor-toc__body elementor-toc__list-items--collapsible\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f471009 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f471009\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0ddafc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a0ddafc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c1f789 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c1f789\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sometimes the two bones of the shoulder \u2013 the scapula and the clavicle \u2013 are also counted as a part of the upper limb. If you&#8217;re interested in exploring the bony landmarks of the shoulder, we have a separate article on this topic <a href=\"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/article\/shoulder-bony-landmarks\/\">here!<\/a><\/p><p>Want to learn more about dynamic movements of the arm? Our newest book is coming soon &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/product\/arm-and-hand-in-motion\/\">Arm and Hand in Motion.<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29bb152 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"29bb152\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Humeral head: moving from the shoulder to the arm<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e772c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e772c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <span style=\"color: #a3975d;\"><strong>humeral head<\/strong> <\/span>is one of the bony landmarks of the arm at the spot where the shoulder connects with the upper limb \u2013 the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">glenohumeral joint.<\/span> At this joint, the <span style=\"color: #9b7863;\"><strong>scapula<\/strong> <\/span>articulates with the <strong><span style=\"color: #a3975d;\">humerus<\/span><\/strong>, the only upper arm bone.<\/p><p>The <strong><span style=\"color: #a3975d;\">humeral head<\/span> <\/strong>is round and articulates with the scapula&#8217;s very shallow <span style=\"color: #9b7863;\"><strong>glenoid cavity.<\/strong><\/span> That makes this multiaxial joint exceptionally mobile, and it&#8217;s one of the reasons why our arms have such an enormous range of motion. It&#8217;s also the main reason for easily dislocated shoulders \u2013 but that is a story for another blog!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d59f610 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d59f610\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-and-glenoid-cavity-glenohumeral-joint-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34569\" alt=\"humeral head and glenoid cavity glenohumeral joint bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-and-glenoid-cavity-glenohumeral-joint-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-and-glenoid-cavity-glenohumeral-joint-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-and-glenoid-cavity-glenohumeral-joint-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-600x300.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-and-glenoid-cavity-glenohumeral-joint-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-and-glenoid-cavity-glenohumeral-joint-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-and-glenoid-cavity-glenohumeral-joint-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85e3c85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"85e3c85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>One of the bony landmarks of the arm is the humeral head that fits into the glenoid cavity forming the glenohumeral joint.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20564ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20564ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <span style=\"color: #a3975d;\"><strong>humeral head<\/strong> <\/span>is big and round, and it&#8217;s clearly visible in the surface forms of the human body. Even if the person is quite fit, the <strong>ball is sticking out in the front of the shoulder,<\/strong> and you can quickly locate it \u2013 the acromion process covers it on the top, and the coracoid process closes the structure from the medial side.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fcd593 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3fcd593\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-on-live-model-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34571\" alt=\"humeral head on live model bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-on-live-model-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-on-live-model-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-on-live-model-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-600x300.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-on-live-model-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-on-live-model-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/humeral-head-on-live-model-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-224af07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"224af07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>The humeral head is one of the bony landmarks of the arm that is visible in the sihlouette of the shoulder.<\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1d8bdb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c1d8bdb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Numerous bones come together in this area,<\/strong> all of which are close to the skin&#8217;s surface. As a result, we can find a lot of different forms here! As you can see in the picture below, first, there&#8217;s a sharp point where the <strong>clavicle<\/strong> sticks out of the shoulder.<\/p><p>Afterward, there is a flat spot because of the <strong>acromion process,<\/strong> followed by a rounded surface form created by the <strong>humeral head<\/strong> at the beginning of the arm. Below that, the convex form of the upper arm is created by the volume of the <strong>deltoid muscle.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4373134 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4373134\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"445\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/sihlouette-of-the-shoulder-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x570.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34553\" alt=\"sihlouette of the shoulder bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/sihlouette-of-the-shoulder-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x570.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/sihlouette-of-the-shoulder-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/sihlouette-of-the-shoulder-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x334.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/sihlouette-of-the-shoulder-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x428.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/sihlouette-of-the-shoulder-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x855.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/sihlouette-of-the-shoulder-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41ff578 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41ff578\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>The bony landmarks of the arm influence the sihlouette of the shoulder. Lateral end of the clavicle (1) protrudes, the humeral head (2) pushes the deltoid outward. The muscles influencing the sihlouette are the trapezius (3), deltoid (4), and triceps (5).<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341f5c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341f5c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The humeral head is so visible because the <strong>deltoid muscle<\/strong> that covers it is, at that point, <strong>quite thin.<\/strong> The bulk of the deltoid muscle is a bit lower, under the humeral head.<\/p><p>The deltoid muscle continues almost until the middle of the upper arm and inserts into the <strong>deltoid tuberosity<\/strong> on the humerus. The deltoid tuberosity is a bit <strong>above the middle point of the humerus.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-090ebef elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"090ebef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/deltoid-tuberosity-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34572\" alt=\"deltoid tuberosity bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/deltoid-tuberosity-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/deltoid-tuberosity-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/deltoid-tuberosity-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-600x300.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/deltoid-tuberosity-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/deltoid-tuberosity-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/deltoid-tuberosity-upper-limb-bony-landmarks-anatomy-for-sculptors-1.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cd07a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1cd07a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>The deltoid tuberosity serves as the insertion point for the deltoid. It&#8217;s located a bit above of the middle point of the humerus.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00009c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"00009c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When you depict the deltoid in your work, it is essential to know all these reference points. You can think about the <strong>deltoid in three steps.<\/strong> You start with the muscle&#8217;s origins in three places on <strong>the shoulder girdle<\/strong> \u2013 the spine of the scapula, the acromion process, and the acromial third of the clavicle.<\/p><p>Then you have to remember that the muscle is thin at first, and the <strong>humeral head<\/strong> is visible through it, after which the bulk of the muscle follows. You finish by inserting the muscle into the <strong>deltoid tuberosity<\/strong> located a bit higher than the middle of the upper arm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5052fb elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c5052fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39166bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"39166bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Elbow bony landmarks<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f0f594 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f0f594\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Elbow bony landmarks include the <strong>two protrusions on the humerus and the one on the ulna.<\/strong> Regarding bony landmarks, nothing else interesting happens on the upper arm until we reach the elbow. There the humerus articulates with the ulna and radius, the forearm bones.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67b89a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"67b89a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"359\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x459.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34574\" alt=\"elbow bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x459.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x269.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x344.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x688.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a24df53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a24df53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>Elbow bony landmarks include the medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle, and olecranon.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3aee7bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3aee7bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The elbow bony landmarks created by the humerus and seen on the surface forms are the <span style=\"color: #723797;\"><strong>medial<\/strong> <\/span>and <span style=\"color: #447635;\"><strong>lateral epicondyle.<\/strong><\/span> The <span style=\"color: #723797;\"><strong>medial epicondyle<\/strong> <\/span>sticks out and is visible both in the frontal and rear views.<\/p><p>The <span style=\"color: #447635;\"><strong>lateral epicondyle<\/strong> <\/span>is located in a dimple between the elbow and two muscles \u2013 the brachioradialis and the extensor carpi radialis longus. The dimple of the <span style=\"color: #447635;\"><strong>lateral epicondyle<\/strong> <\/span>can only be seen in the rear and lateral views.<\/p><p>The third bony landmark of the elbow is the <span style=\"color: #4181b7;\"><strong>olecranon<\/strong><\/span>, which most of us recognize as &#8220;the&#8221; elbow. It&#8217;s a large bony eminence of the ulna, and this is where <strong>the forearm begins.<\/strong> Out of all the three bony landmarks of the elbow, the <span style=\"color: #4181b7;\"><strong>olecranon<\/strong> <\/span>is the only mobile one.<\/p><p>Since the <span style=\"color: #4181b7;\"><strong>olecranon<\/strong> <\/span>moves, the <strong>arm actually becomes longer when bent.<\/strong> When the arm is straight, the distance from the shoulder to the elbow is shorter than when bent.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea0c34e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ea0c34e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmark-of-the-arm-olecranon-is-moving-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34576\" alt=\"elbow bony landmark of the arm olecranon is moving anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmark-of-the-arm-olecranon-is-moving-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmark-of-the-arm-olecranon-is-moving-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmark-of-the-arm-olecranon-is-moving-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x300.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmark-of-the-arm-olecranon-is-moving-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmark-of-the-arm-olecranon-is-moving-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/elbow-bony-landmark-of-the-arm-olecranon-is-moving-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c56759 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c56759\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>The olecranon is one of the elbow bony landmarks that moves. When the arm is bent, the olecranon moves and the arm becomes longer.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f07c5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f07c5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The arm <strong>can&#8217;t bend backward<\/strong> because the hook-shaped protrusion behind the <span style=\"color: #4181b7;\"><strong>olecranon<\/strong><\/span> fits into a groove on the <strong><span style=\"color: #a3975d;\">humerus<\/span> <\/strong>called the <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">olecranon <\/span>fossa<\/strong> and fixates when the arm is straightened.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93de9d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"93de9d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d825f0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d825f0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Forearm bony landmarks<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6262e45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6262e45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Unlike the upper arm, which is covered by the deltoid, biceps, triceps, and brachialis muscle, the <strong>forearm has several visible bony landmarks. The <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\">ulna <\/span>creates all these landmarks.<\/strong><\/p><p>The forearm comprises two bones, the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong> <\/span>and the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius.<\/strong><\/span> It is often said that the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong> <\/span>and the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius<\/strong> <\/span>are parallel, but it is valid only when the arm is held in the so-called anatomical position.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-207a273 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"207a273\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"459\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomical-position-anatmy-for-sculptors-1024x588.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34577\" alt=\"forearm bony landmarks of the arm anatomical position anatmy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomical-position-anatmy-for-sculptors-1024x588.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomical-position-anatmy-for-sculptors-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomical-position-anatmy-for-sculptors-600x345.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomical-position-anatmy-for-sculptors-768x441.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomical-position-anatmy-for-sculptors-1536x882.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomical-position-anatmy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16f13ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16f13ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>In the anatomical position, the palms are facing forward and the thumbs are pointing laterally.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fc8601 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3fc8601\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e8db02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3e8db02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Orientation of the bones of the forearm<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b5f5a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b5f5a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the anatomical position, the palms face forward, and the thumbs point laterally. This position is not very casual, and most of your artworks will not feature characters depicted like this. Still, it&#8217;s helpful to imagine this position to better understand the bones&#8217; orientation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12fe5e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"12fe5e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/orientation-of-the-bones-of-the-forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34578\" alt=\"orientation of the bones of the forearm bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/orientation-of-the-bones-of-the-forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/orientation-of-the-bones-of-the-forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/orientation-of-the-bones-of-the-forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x337.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/orientation-of-the-bones-of-the-forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/orientation-of-the-bones-of-the-forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x863.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/orientation-of-the-bones-of-the-forearm-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c07c4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c07c4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>The bones of the forearm, the ulna and radius are parallel only when the arm is held in the anatomical position.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-548c4e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"548c4e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius<\/strong> <\/span>is the bone on the side of the thumb, and the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong> <\/span>is the bone on the side of the pinky. Because of this, the lateral side of the forearm is often referred to as the radial side, and the medial side of the forearm is called the ulnar side.<\/p><p>At first glance, the <strong>two bones<\/strong> look different in size, but they <strong>are almost the same<\/strong> \u2013 just inverted. You can find a similar thing in the lower limb, where the tibia and fibula are also the same length (but not the same size because the tibia is more massive) and inverted.<\/p><p>That appears to be the case for the limbs of many other animals too. When running, this inverted design protects the animals&#8217; joints from extra stress and provides cushioning.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bab8432 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bab8432\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"477\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-are-almost-the-same-size-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x611.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34579\" alt=\"radius and ulna are almost the same size bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-are-almost-the-same-size-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x611.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-are-almost-the-same-size-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x179.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-are-almost-the-same-size-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x358.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-are-almost-the-same-size-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x458.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-are-almost-the-same-size-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x916.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-are-almost-the-same-size-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7114953 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7114953\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>The ulna and radius are almost the same, just inverted. The ulna doesn&#8217;t articulate with the bones of the hand.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fb9678 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0fb9678\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Both bones articulate with the<\/strong> <span style=\"color: #a3975d;\"><strong>humerus<\/strong> <\/span>on the proximal side at the elbow. The <span style=\"color: #a3975d;\"><strong>humerus<\/strong><\/span> features a spool-shaped condyle consisting of two parts: the ball part (capitulum) articulates with the narrow cylindrical end of the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius<\/strong><\/span>, and the larger medial surface of the condyle (trochlea) articulates with the wide end of the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna.<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p>However, on the distal end, everything is inverted: the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius<\/strong><\/span> features a wider end, and the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong> <\/span>has a narrow cylindrical end. While the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius<\/strong> <\/span>articulates with the bones of the hand, the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong> <\/span>doesn&#8217;t. There&#8217;s some free space between the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong> <\/span>and the bones of the hand that makes this joint more flexible.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ae222c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1ae222c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00904a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"00904a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bony landmarks of the ulna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63c1f0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63c1f0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>The <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\">ulna <\/span>holds all of the bony landmarks of the forearm.<\/strong> On the wrist, we can see the <strong>distal head of the <span style=\"color: #000000;\">ulna.<\/span><\/strong> You can find it by moving up along the side of your pinky finger and stopping at the place where your wristwatch would go. It&#8217;s very noticeable, and you can easily feel it with palpation.<\/p><p>The other bony landmark of the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong> <\/span>is at its proximal end \u2013 the <strong>olecranon<\/strong> that we already looked at when talking about the elbow. If you <strong>draw a line between the olecranon and the distal head of the ulna, <\/strong>you&#8217;ll find the <strong>body of the ulna.<\/strong> It&#8217;s close to the skin&#8217;s surface for the whole length of the forearm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b43a3fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b43a3fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-olecranon-body-of-ulna-distal-head-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34581\" alt=\"bony landmarks of the ulna olecranon body of ulna distal head anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-olecranon-body-of-ulna-distal-head-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-olecranon-body-of-ulna-distal-head-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-olecranon-body-of-ulna-distal-head-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x338.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-olecranon-body-of-ulna-distal-head-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-olecranon-body-of-ulna-distal-head-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-olecranon-body-of-ulna-distal-head-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-318421c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"318421c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>Bony landmarks of the ulna include the olecranon, distal head of ulna, and body of ulna. <\/i><i>The body of ulna makes a straight line between the distal head and olecranon.<br \/><\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ee4455 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ee4455\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Regardless of whether the arm is in the anatomical position or turned, you can always make out this straight (or a bit curved) line between the olecranon and the distal head of the ulna. The <strong>body of the ulna<\/strong> is an essential and practical bony landmark because it marks the <strong>border between the <span style=\"color: #97c284;\">flexor muscles <\/span>and the <span style=\"color: #afa1c1;\">extensor muscles<\/span><\/strong> of the forearm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b13fb75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b13fb75\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"446\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-with-body-of-ulna-separating-flexors-and-extensors-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x571.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34582\" alt=\"bony landmarks of the ulna with body of ulna separating flexors and extensors anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-with-body-of-ulna-separating-flexors-and-extensors-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x571.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-with-body-of-ulna-separating-flexors-and-extensors-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-with-body-of-ulna-separating-flexors-and-extensors-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x335.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-with-body-of-ulna-separating-flexors-and-extensors-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x428.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-with-body-of-ulna-separating-flexors-and-extensors-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x856.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-with-body-of-ulna-separating-flexors-and-extensors-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1d8fc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b1d8fc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>The body of ulna is a bony landmark that separates the flexor muscles and the extensor muscles of the forearm.<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72b51ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"72b51ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"484\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-distal-head-of-ulna-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x619.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34583\" alt=\"bony landmarks of the ulna distal head of ulna anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-distal-head-of-ulna-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x619.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-distal-head-of-ulna-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-distal-head-of-ulna-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x363.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-distal-head-of-ulna-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x464.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-distal-head-of-ulna-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x929.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-ulna-distal-head-of-ulna-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2029w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebb5705 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ebb5705\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>A very prominent bony landmark of the ulna is the distal head. It&#8217;s above the pinky finger at the height where a wristwatch would go.<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a95e90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1a95e90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad5614b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ad5614b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pronation and supination of the forearm<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56c507c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56c507c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pronation and supination of the forearm happen when you turn your hand. During <strong>supination<\/strong>, the <strong>palm faces forward<\/strong>, and the <strong>thumb points laterally<\/strong>, just like in the anatomical position we already mentioned.<\/p><p>Or, if your arm is bent and supinated, the palm of your hand will be facing the sky. During supination, the ulna and the radius are parallel to each other.<\/p><p>When the arm is <strong>pronated<\/strong>, the <strong>thumb points toward the body<\/strong>, and the <strong>palm faces backward.<\/strong> During pronation, the ulna and the radius cross each other and are no longer parallel.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/reybustos.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rey Bustos<\/a> has developed an association that helps distinguish between supination and pronation. Supination sounds a bit like it has something to do with soup. Indeed, when carrying soup in the palm of your hand, your arm is supinated.\u00a0<\/p><p>Pronation sounds a bit like it has something to do with pros. Indeed, if you played basketball as a pro, you&#8217;d pronate your hand. The picture below makes it very clear!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fe0732 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6fe0732\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"376\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/pronation-and-supination-of-the-forearm-tips-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x481.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34630\" alt=\"pronation and supination of the forearm tips bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/pronation-and-supination-of-the-forearm-tips-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x481.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/pronation-and-supination-of-the-forearm-tips-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x141.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/pronation-and-supination-of-the-forearm-tips-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x282.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/pronation-and-supination-of-the-forearm-tips-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x361.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/pronation-and-supination-of-the-forearm-tips-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x722.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/pronation-and-supination-of-the-forearm-tips-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-523482d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"523482d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>Supination is like carrying soup, and pronation is like playing basketball like a pro.<\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a82886 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0a82886\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64d0027 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"64d0027\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mechanics of pronation and supination<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e028771 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e028771\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0px;\">Let&#8217;s look at how pronation and supination look when we view the movement mechanics. It&#8217;s important to remember that the <strong>elbow has two joints while the hand side has only one joint.<\/strong> That&#8217;s because the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong><\/span> doesn&#8217;t articulate with the bones of the hand.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31aedf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"31aedf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34631\" alt=\"mechanics of pronation and supination bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x300.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x768.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69cd177 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69cd177\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>Mechanics of pronation and supination: the radius rotates around the ulna and they end up switching places.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c173b53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c173b53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0px;\">At the elbow, the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong> <\/span>articulates with the <span style=\"color: #a3975d;\"><strong>humerus<\/strong> <\/span>forming a hinge joint, which is not involved and doesn&#8217;t move during pronation. But beside it, there&#8217;s also the joint where the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius<\/strong><\/span> and the <span style=\"color: #a3975d;\"><strong>humerus<\/strong> <\/span>meet. The <span style=\"color: #a3975d;\"><strong>humerus<\/strong> <\/span>features a ball-like protrusion, and the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius<\/strong> <\/span>has a cylindrical end that fits on the ball and <strong>rotates during supination and pronation<\/strong> of the hand.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a658d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3a658d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"490\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-at-the-elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x627.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34632\" alt=\"mechanics of pronation and supination at the elbow bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-at-the-elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x627.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-at-the-elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x184.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-at-the-elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x367.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-at-the-elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x470.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-at-the-elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x940.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/mechanics-of-pronation-and-supination-at-the-elbow-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2017w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a03afab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a03afab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>Mechanics of pronation and supination at the elbow: the hinge joint of the ulna is not involved in the movement, but the radius rotates at it&#8217;s joint with the humerus.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2a244f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2a244f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Also on the hand side, the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong><\/span> <strong>doesn&#8217;t move at all.<\/strong> This whole bone serves as an <strong>axis for the movements of the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\">radius:<\/span><\/strong> that&#8217;s how supination and pronation happen. The distal end of the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius<\/strong> <\/span>goes over the motionless distal end of the <span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong><\/span>, and as a result, the bones cross during pronation.<\/p><p>To sum up the mechanics of pronation, the <span style=\"color: #6c58a3;\"><strong>radius<\/strong> <\/span>is to blame: it rotates at the elbow and <strong>crosses the <\/strong><span style=\"color: #38aee3;\"><strong>ulna<\/strong> <\/span>at the wrist. At the elbow, the bones remain in the same position in relation to each other, but <strong>at the wrist, they switch their places.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2c3acd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b2c3acd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"436\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-during-supination-and-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x558.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34633\" alt=\"radius and ulna during supination and pronation bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-during-supination-and-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x558.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-during-supination-and-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-during-supination-and-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x327.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-during-supination-and-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x419.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-during-supination-and-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x837.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/radius-and-ulna-during-supination-and-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7889658 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7889658\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>On the left: position of the radius and ulna during supination; on the right: position of the forearm bones during pronation.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f6875c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f6875c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0px;\">In the picture below, you can see the cross sections of the arm at the deltoid tuberosity, elbow, mid-forearm, and wrist. Notice the changes in how much each of them shifts as the arm gets supinated and pronated.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d463d70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d463d70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"475\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/cross-section-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34634\" alt=\"cross section of the arm during pronation bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/cross-section-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/cross-section-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x178.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/cross-section-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x356.jpg 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/cross-section-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x456.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0abe4fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0abe4fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>Cross sections of the arm at the deltoid tuberosity, elbow, mid-forearm, and wrist during pronation.<br \/><\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f20ce05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f20ce05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0px;\">Here&#8217;s another view of how different bony landmarks of the upper limb move around as you supinate and pronate your arm. Notice that the elbow rotates outwards during forced pronation, indicating movement in the shoulder, where the deltoid muscle gets worked.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51607f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"51607f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-during-pronation-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x538.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34635\" alt=\"bony landmarks of the arm during pronation anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-during-pronation-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x538.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-during-pronation-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-during-pronation-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x315.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-during-pronation-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x403.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-during-pronation-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x807.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-during-pronation-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abc2101 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abc2101\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>As the arm gets lifted, the distal end of the clavicle becomes invisible.<\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dde96c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dde96c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0px;\">Marked with the dots are the deltoid tuberosity, olecranon, and distal head of the ulna \u2013 the bony landmarks that help you follow the muscle attachments as the arm gets pronated.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c966d57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c966d57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/muscles-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x1024.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-34636\" alt=\"muscles of the arm during pronation bony landmarks of the arm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/muscles-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/muscles-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/muscles-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/muscles-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x600.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/muscles-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/muscles-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x767.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/muscles-of-the-arm-during-pronation-bony-landmarks-of-the-arm-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 1267w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a1614f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a1614f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><i>As the arm gets lifted, the distal end of the clavicle becomes invisible.<\/i><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d352f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0d352f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87d779c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"87d779c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Upper limb bony landmarks video<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-047c411 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"047c411\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>We\u2019ve also prepared videos that explain the anatomy of the arm and look at the upper limb bony landmarks. In them Uldis Zarins explains the topography, morphology and physiology of the upper arm and the forearm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89a4501 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"89a4501\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=LOpD9C55Zww\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"416\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-humerus-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x532.png\" class=\"elementor-animation-float attachment-large size-large wp-image-34671\" alt=\"bony landmarks of the upper limb video humerus anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-humerus-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x532.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-humerus-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x156.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-humerus-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x312.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-humerus-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x399.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-humerus-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x798.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-humerus-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 1598w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-654cd7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"654cd7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Watch the video about the upper arm and the humerus <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ehGCu-EsaM0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c372285 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c372285\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=LOpD9C55Zww\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"416\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-forearm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x532.png\" class=\"elementor-animation-float attachment-large size-large wp-image-34672\" alt=\"bony landmarks of the upper limb video forearm anatomy for sculptors\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-forearm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1024x532.png 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-forearm-anatomy-for-sculptors-300x156.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-forearm-anatomy-for-sculptors-600x312.png 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-forearm-anatomy-for-sculptors-768x399.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-forearm-anatomy-for-sculptors-1536x798.png 1536w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2022\/10\/bony-landmarks-of-the-upper-limb-video-forearm-anatomy-for-sculptors.png 1595w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b17bd82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b17bd82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To explore how the forearm works during supination and pronation and learn about the bony landmarks of the ulna and radius, watch the video <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=qik_lgVD1eM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34498fb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"34498fb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4431b368 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4431b368\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Join our newsletter<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f077019 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f077019\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Be the first to get news about our upcoming discounts, books, tools, articles and more! No spam, just the good stuff.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7555abd9 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-inherit elementor-tablet-button-align-stretch elementor-button-align-stretch elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"7555abd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;20&quot;,&quot;button_width_tablet&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"Newsletter\" aria-label=\"Newsletter\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"34549\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"7555abd9\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"Bony landmarks of the arm | Anatomy For Sculptors\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"queried_id\" value=\"34549\"\/>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-email elementor-col-80 elementor-md-100 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field-label elementor-screen-only\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tE-mail\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[email]\" id=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-md  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"E-mail\" required=\"required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-20 e-form__buttons elementor-md-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-md elementor-animation-shrink\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Subscribe<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<input\n                    class=\"apbct_special_field apbct_email_id__elementor_form\"\n                    name=\"apbct__email_id__elementor_form\"\n                    aria-label=\"apbct__label_id__elementor_form\"\n                    type=\"text\" size=\"30\" maxlength=\"200\" autocomplete=\"off\"\n                    value=\"\"\n                \/><\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32c5779 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32c5779\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d15b4c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d15b4c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Related posts<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40f4b2e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"40f4b2e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-134f2dfb elementor-grid-2 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"134f2dfb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:35,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-74745 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-anatomy category-educational category-uncategorized\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/blog\/forming-the-head-simple-to-complex\/\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"670\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2025\/07\/Forming-the-Head-Simple-to-Complex-hero-iamge.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-75168\" alt=\"Forming the Head Simple to Complex-hero iamge\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2025\/07\/Forming-the-Head-Simple-to-Complex-hero-iamge.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2025\/07\/Forming-the-Head-Simple-to-Complex-hero-iamge-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2025\/07\/Forming-the-Head-Simple-to-Complex-hero-iamge-600x335.jpg 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2025\/07\/Forming-the-Head-Simple-to-Complex-hero-iamge-1024x572.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2025\/07\/Forming-the-Head-Simple-to-Complex-hero-iamge-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2025\/07\/Forming-the-Head-Simple-to-Complex-hero-iamge-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/blog\/forming-the-head-simple-to-complex\/\">\n\t\t\t\tForming the Head: Simple to Complex\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t22\/07\/2025\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Form the head by starting with simple shapes and gradually add structure and detail. We cover base forms like the helmethead and egghead, first- and second-level blockouts, and the anatomy and variation that shape the head.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__read-more-wrapper\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/blog\/forming-the-head-simple-to-complex\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre Forming the Head: Simple to Complex\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\tRead the full blog\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-58679 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized category-tools\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/blog\/3d-anatomy-models-for-artists\/\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"859\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2024\/06\/3D-Reference-tool-by-Anatomy-For-Sculptors-thumbnail.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-58685\" alt=\"\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2024\/06\/3D-Reference-tool-by-Anatomy-For-Sculptors-thumbnail.jpg 859w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2024\/06\/3D-Reference-tool-by-Anatomy-For-Sculptors-thumbnail-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2024\/06\/3D-Reference-tool-by-Anatomy-For-Sculptors-thumbnail-600x335.jpg 600w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2024\/06\/3D-Reference-tool-by-Anatomy-For-Sculptors-thumbnail-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/assets.anatomy4sculptors.com\/2024\/06\/3D-Reference-tool-by-Anatomy-For-Sculptors-thumbnail-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 859px) 100vw, 859px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/blog\/3d-anatomy-models-for-artists\/\">\n\t\t\t\t3D Anatomy models for artists\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__meta-data\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-date\">\n\t\t\t13\/06\/2024\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>3D Reference Tool is much more than just a library of scans. Here, you will find 3D anatomy references \u2013 block-outs, anatomy models, and realistic assets \u2013 to help you understand and create realistic human anatomy.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__read-more-wrapper\">\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/blog\/3d-anatomy-models-for-artists\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre 3D Anatomy models for artists\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\tRead the full blog\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56cfefc6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"56cfefc6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1692e020 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1692e020\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Describimos e ilustramos los puntos de referencia \u00f3seos del brazo y explicamos la morfolog\u00eda y fisiolog\u00eda de los principales huesos de la extremidad superior.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":34736,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mo_disable_npp":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[198,197],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34549","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anatomy","category-educational"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34549","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34549"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34549\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72562,"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34549\/revisions\/72562"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34736"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34549"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/anatomy4sculptors.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34549"}],"curies":[{"name":"gracias","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}